煤(mei)(mei)化(hua)工(gong)是以煤(mei)(mei)為原料(liao)，經過化(hua)學(xue)加工(gong)使(shi)煤(mei)(mei)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為氣體，液體，固體燃料(liao)以及化(hua)學(xue)品的(de)過程，生產(chan)出各種(zhong)化(hua)工(gong)產(chan)品的(de)工(gong)業。

煤化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)包括煤的(de)(de)一次化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、二(er)次化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)深度(du)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。煤的(de)(de)焦化(hua)(hua)(hua)、氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、液化(hua)(hua)(hua)，煤的(de)(de)合成氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、焦油化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)電石乙炔(gui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)，都屬于煤化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)范圍(wei)。

煤(mei)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)利用(yong)生(sheng)產(chan)技術中，煉(lian)焦是(shi)(shi)應用(yong)最早的(de)工(gong)(gong)藝，并且至今仍然是(shi)(shi)沒化(hua)學工(gong)(gong)業的(de)重要組成部分(fen)。煤(mei)的(de)氣化(hua)在煤(mei)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)中占有重要地位，用(yong)于生(sheng)產(chan)各種(zhong)燃料起，是(shi)(shi)干凈的(de)能源，有利于提高人(ren)民生(sheng)活水(shui)平和環境保護;煤(mei)氣化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)合成氣是(shi)(shi)合成液體燃料等多(duo)種(zhong)產(chan)品的(de)原料。

煤(mei)直(zhi)接液化(hua)，即煤(mei)高壓(ya)加氫(qing)液化(hua)，可以(yi)生產人造石(shi)(shi)油和化(hua)學產品。在(zai)石(shi)(shi)油短缺時，煤(mei)的(de)液化(hua)產品將替(ti)代目前的(de)天然石(shi)(shi)油。以(yi)上(shang)即是(shi)在(zai)煤(mei)化(hua)工轉化(hua)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)方面。

新一(yi)代(dai)煤(mei)化(hua)工(gong)技術(shu)是指以(yi)煤(mei)氣化(hua)為龍頭(tou)，以(yi)一(yi)碳化(hua)工(gong)技術(shu)為基礎，合成、制(zhi)取各種(zhong)化(hua)工(gong)產品和(he)燃(ran)料油(you)的(de)煤(mei)炭潔凈(jing)利用技術(shu)，與電(dian)熱(re)等聯產可以(yi)實現煤(mei)炭能(neng)源(yuan)效率(lv)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)、有(you)效組分(fen)最(zui)(zui)大程度(du)轉(zhuan)化(hua)、投資(zi)運行成本最(zui)(zui)低和(he)全生命周期(qi)污(wu)染(ran)物排放(fang)最(zui)(zui)少的(de)目標(biao)。

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