熱脫附技術在土壤污染治理修復中的作用
來(lai)源：鄭州德(de)森(sen)環境科技有限公司 閱讀：4032 更新時間：2021-05-12 11:50上世紀80年代時，已經有人呼吁要(yao)治理受(shou)污(wu)染(ran)土(tu)壤(rang)，保護土(tu)壤(rang)環境，但并(bing)未引起重視。近些年來隨(sui)著“毒地案(an)”、“鎘(ge)麥(mai)鎘(ge)大米”等事(shi)件發(fa)生，反映出我國的(de)土(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)問題日(ri)趨嚴(yan)重。工業發(fa)展飛速，大量廢(fei)水廢(fei)氣廢(fei)料(liao)流(liu)向田間地頭，是造成土(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)的(de)重要(yao)原因之一。土(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)治理修復成為了亟待解決的(de)現(xian)實問題，關乎到我們(men)每一個人的(de)未來。
技術(shu)(shu)有(you)很多(duo)，大致分為物(wu)理、化學(xue)和生(sheng)物(wu)三類(lei)。我國的技術(shu)(shu)起步較晚，加(jia)上各省發展情況不一(yi)，受污(wu)染土(tu)壤地(di)質多(duo)樣，污(wu)染類(lei)型不同，較常(chang)用的技術(shu)(shu)有(you)：土(tu)壤固(gu)化-穩定化、微生(sheng)物(wu)修復、、熱(re)脫附、化學(xue)萃(cui)取等，下面(mian)具體(ti)講下系(xi)統(tong)與設備。
熱脫(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)過(guo)程是土(tu)壤(rang)中污(wu)(wu)染(ran)組分(fen)從固相或(huo)(huo)液相熱傳遞進(jin)(jin)入氣相的(de)物(wu)理(li)(li)過(guo)程。熱脫(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)修復系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),主要包括供料(liao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、熱源系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、熱脫(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)主體系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、尾氣處(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，通過(guo)直接或(huo)(huo)間(jian)(jian)接加熱，使土(tu)壤(rang)中污(wu)(wu)染(ran)組分(fen)達(da)到足(zu)夠的(de)溫(wen)度，將污(wu)(wu)染(ran)土(tu)壤(rang)加熱至目(mu)標(biao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)的(de)沸點以上(shang)，通過(guo)控制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)溫(wen)度和(he)物(wu)料(liao)停留時(shi)間(jian)(jian)有(you)選(xuan)擇地促使污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)氣化(hua)(hua)揮發(fa)，使其蒸發(fa)并(bing)與土(tu)壤(rang)媒介相分(fen)離(li)的(de)過(guo)程，分(fen)離(li)后(hou)的(de)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)組分(fen)再(zai)通過(guo)焚燒、吸附(fu)(fu)或(huo)(huo)化(hua)(hua)學反(fan)應等方(fang)式進(jin)(jin)行(xing)進(jin)(jin)一步處(chu)理(li)(li)，使目(mu)標(biao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)與土(tu)壤(rang)顆粒分(fen)離(li)、去除。熱脫(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)處(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)藝(yi)可處(chu)理(li)(li)揮發(fa)及半揮發(fa)性有(you)機(ji)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(如石(shi)油烴、農藥、多氯聯苯)和(he)重金屬(shu)等。
熱(re)(re)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)修復系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)主要包括：供料及(ji)熱(re)(re)源單元(yuan)、熱(re)(re)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)主體窯、二(er)燃室單元(yuan)、熱(re)(re)交(jiao)換及(ji)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)處(chu)(chu)理單元(yuan)；加熱(re)(re)方式(shi)為直接(jie)加熱(re)(re)或(huo)間接(jie)加熱(re)(re)，物料流動方向為順流或(huo)逆流。系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)性能特(te)(te)征(zheng)：1、系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)備(bei)結構(gou)緊湊、布局(ju)合理，配(pei)套二(er)次(ci)燃燒室、熱(re)(re)交(jiao)換器及(ji)二(er)次(ci)除塵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，整(zheng)個脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)過程高效(xiao)、徹(che)底(di)；2、熱(re)(re)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)筒(tong)(tong)體內(nei)襯采用(yong)(yong)高級不銹鋼(gang)材質(zhi)，耐受多重(zhong)物料腐蝕(shi)及(ji)化學侵蝕(shi)；3、熱(re)(re)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)外筒(tong)(tong)體及(ji)中間層(ceng)采用(yong)(yong)獨特(te)(te)自(zi)保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)夾層(ceng)設(she)(she)計，自(zi)保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)效(xiao)率高達80%以上，充分降低熱(re)(re)能損耗；4、熱(re)(re)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)筒(tong)(tong)體內(nei)獨特(te)(te)揚料結構(gou)設(she)(she)計，可(ke)(ke)充分提高物料脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)分解(jie)效(xiao)率；5、整(zheng)套熱(re)(re)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)配(pei)套有(you)PLC智能控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，可(ke)(ke)實(shi)現設(she)(she)備(bei)智能溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控、脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)時間等準確操(cao)控；6、無需大齒輪(lun)傳(chuan)動，采用(yong)(yong)托(tuo)輪(lun)傳(chuan)動，運(yun)轉平穩，設(she)(she)備(bei)運(yun)轉率高，基(ji)本無需維修，降低運(yun)行成(cheng)本；7、可(ke)(ke)根據(ju)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)處(chu)(chu)理產量(liang)，定制(zhi)移動式(shi)熱(re)(re)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)單元(yuan)模塊(kuai)，方便項(xiang)目轉場。
